Ram’s Era was >1.7 millions years ago

After conquering Lankhini, the Godess of Lanka, Sri Hanuma enters Lanka and searches for Seeta. Sage Valmiki describes what Sri Hanuma saw, as follows:

त्रिविष्टप निभम् दिव्यम् दिव्य नाद विनादितम् |
वाजि हेषित सम्घुष्टम् नादितम् भूषणैः तथा ||

रथैः यानैः विमानैः च तथा गज हयैः शुभैः |
वारणैः च चतुः दन्तैः श्वेत अभ्र निचय उपमैः ||

भूषितम् रुचिर द्वारम् मत्तैः च मृग पक्षिभिः |
राक्षस अधिपतेः गुप्तम् आविवेश गृहम् कपिः ||

The great Hanuma entered secretly Ravana’s inner city which was equal to paradise, rendered noisy by neighing of horses and tinkling of ornaments, by chariots, vehicles and aerial-cars and decorated by auspicious elephants and horses and great elephants with four tusks and by birds and animals in heat. It had beautiful entrances and was protected by thousands of rakshasas with great strength.

(Sundara Kanda 4th Sarga 26 – 28 Slokas)

उत्तमम् राक्षसावासम् हनुमानवलोकयन् |
आससादाथ लक्ष्मीवान् राक्षसेन्द्रनिवेशनम् ||

चतुर् विषाणैर् द्विरदैः त्रिविषाणैः तथैव च |
परिक्षिप्तम् असम्बाधम् रक्ष्यमाणम् उदायुधैः ||

Thereafter, Hanuma the glorious one neared and observed the best residence of Rakshasas and the house of Ravana, containing elephants with four tusks and also those with three tusks, those with two tusks and still not crowded. It was protected by soldiers bearing raised weapons.

(Sundara Kanda 9th Sarga 4 – 5 Slokas)

Here, Sage Valmiki describes elephants with four tusks and also those with three tusks and those with two tusks.

Modern anthropologists say that elephants with four tusks existed 12-1.6 million years ago.

The Gomphotheriidae were a diverse taxonomic family of extinct elephant-like animals (proboscideans). Referred to as gomphotheres, they were widespread in North America during the Miocene and Pliocene epochs, 12-1.6 million years ago. Some lived in parts of Eurasia, Beringia and, following the Great American Interchange, South America.

Gomphotheres differed from elephants in their tooth structure, particularly the chewing surfaces on the molar teeth. Most had four tusks, and their retracted facial and nasal bones prompt palaeontologists to believe that gomphotheres had elephant-like trunks.

Hence, we can infer that Srimad Ramayana was written 16 lakh or 1.6 million years ago and not 5th to 4th century BC, as the scholars made us believe.

if we were to take the Yuga calculations in the puranas, it is said Ramayana occurred in the 24th Treta Yuga, and we are now in 28th Kali Yuga. This would mean that Ramayana happened more than 17 million years ago or 1.7 crore years ago.

Earth is believed to have land as Pangaea (pan-jee-ə), which was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras, forming approximately 300 million years ago.

The oldest epic sanskrit poem, Ramayana, composed by sage Valmiki, gives clues about this single large continent that existed approximately 200,100,000 years ago.

The single global ocean which surrounded Pangaea is accordingly named Panthalassa. Pangea must have been drowned into Panthalassa by Hiranyaksha and was later restored by Varaha – third incarnation of Vishnu as a wild boar and that is when present aeon/creation of Sveta Varaha Kalpa started. (according to Vishnu Purana and Bhagavata Purana)

The legend of King Sagara provides many vital clues that signify an intimate knowledge of the ancient world’s geography including Pangea Supercontinet Map.

The episode detailing the story of King Sagara represents a time going back approximately 200,100,000 years ago. As the Ramayana records at that time there was only One Landmass Surrounded by One Ocean.

King Sagara said to his sons :

tat gacchata vicinvadhvam putrakaa bhadram astu

vah samudra maaliniim sarvaam prithiviim anugacchata [Ramayana : 1-39-13]

Oh, sons, you may therefore proceed to search for the horse and its thief on this Entire Earth which is Garlanded by the Ocean. Safety upon you all. [Ramayana : 1-39-13]

A translation from other version / Critical Edition etc: For comparison and considering other view, the verses and their translation from the following website is given:

http://www.valmikiramayan.net/sundara/sarga9/sundara_9_frame.htm Incidentally, this is also from the critical edition of Ramayana prepared by the Baroda Institute.

triviSTapa nibham divyam divya naada vinaaditam |
vaaji heSita samghuSTam naaditam bhuuSaNaiH tathaa || 5-4-26
rathaiH yaanaiH vimaanaiH ca tathaa gaja hayaiH shubhaiH |
vaaraNaiH ca catuH dantaiH shveta abhra nicaya upamaiH || 5-4-27
bhuuSitam rucira dvaaram mattaiH ca mR^iga pakSibhiH |
raakSasa adhipateH guptam aavivesha gR^iham kapiH || 5-4-28

26,27,28.. mahaakapiH= The great Hanuma; aavivesha= entered; guptam= secretly; raakshasaadhipateeH= Ravana’s inner city; trivishhTapaHnibham= (which was like a) paradise; divyam= best one; vaajighoshhitasangushhTam= resonating with neighing of horses; tadhaa= and; naaditam= made noisy; bhuushhanaiH= with ornaments; radhaiH= by chariots; yaanaiH= by vehicles; vimaanaishca= and by aerial-cars; tadhaa= and; bhuushhitam= decorated by; subhaiHhayagajaiH= by auspicious horses and elephants; swetaabranicayopamaiH= equalling a group of white clouds; vaaraNaishca= by great elephants; caturdantaiH= with four tusks; mR^igapakshibhiH= by animals and birds; mattaiH= in heat; ruciradvaaram= with a beautiful entrance; raksh*tam= protected; yaatudhaanaiH= by raksasas; sumahaaviiraiH= with great strength; shahasrasheH= in thousands.

The great Hanuma entered secretly Ravana’s inner city which was equal to paradise, rendered noisy by neighing of horses and tinkling of ornaments, by chariots, vehicles and aerial-cars and decorated by auspicious elephants and horses and great elephants with four tusks and by birds and animals in heat. It had beautiful entrances and was protected by thousands of rakshasas with great strength.

uttamam raakshasaavaasam hanumaanavalokayan |
aasasaadaatha lakshmiivaan raakshasendraniveshanam || 5-9-4
catur viSaaNair dviradaiH triviSaaNaiH tathaiva ca |
parikSiptam asambaadham rakSyamaaNam udaayudhaiH || 5-9-5

4,5. atha= thereafter; hanumaan= Hanuma; lakshmiivaan= the glorious one; aasasaada= neared; uttamam raakshasaavaasam= the best residence of Rakshas; raakshasendraniveshanam= (and) the house of Ravana; parikshiptam= containing; chaturvishhaaNaiH= ( elephants) with four tusks; tathaivacha= and also; trivishhaaNaiH= those with three tusks; dviradaiH= two tusks; asambaadham= not crowded; rakshyamaaNam= protected; udaayudhaiH= by those bearing raised weapons; avalokayan= observing (it).

Thereafter, Hanuma the glorious one neared and observed the best residence of Rakshasas and the house of Ravana, containing elephants with four tusks and also those with three tusks, those with two tusks and still not crowded. It was protected by soldiers bearing raised weapons.

Here, the word “matta” is translated as “heat” instead of “fat”. In another place, “matta dhyvpasamakula” (Yuddhakanda.2-10) is translated as “filled with fatty elephants” only. However, three and four tusk elephants are recognized, but their significance is not interpreted scientifically. Even the scholars who prepared critical edition have not noted as to how the interpolators of the first or fourth century could have incorporated such details without actually seeing!

What are the Animals described here? The animals and birds described are like this: There were many strange animals. Certain characteristic horses were neighing. There were many elephants and they had four tusks. Protected fat animals and birds were also there. In fact, the dinosaurs in the formation stages looked like birds without wings just like penguins. In fact, according to Phylogenetic taxonomists, birds are by definition maniraptorans and the other maniraptorans are their closest relations. A maniraptora is defined as containing all dinosaurs features closer to birds than ornithomimids. Paleontologists have found the fossils of dinosaurs-birds / feathered dinosaurs / dino-birds at <st1:country-region>China (Sinosauropteryx), Madgascar (Rahonavis), Southern <st1:country-region>Germany (Neopteryx), <st1:country-region>Italy (Scipionyx), <st1:country-region>Mongolia(Mononykus) and so on. There were four tusked elephants and as well as three tusked animals. However, three tusked animals are not named. That even the scholars, who edited and prepared the critical edition of Ramayana have noted and included in the edition is significant. In fact, it notes that the horses are “wondrous steeds”. However, they have neither objected to such description of birds and animals nor declared such verses interpolated. Therefore, the description is to be verified scientifically for its veracity and authenticity. As now, geologists, paleontologists, biologists and other scientists have provided enough evidences about the origin of different animals and birds from the available information, the possible description is correlated.

The four-tusk elephants are named as Stegotetrabelodon syrticus, Tetrabelodon angustidens, Gomphotherium,Tetralophodon, Trilophodon and Platybelodon and they are recognized by the paleontologists in 19^th and 20^thcenturies only.

According to modern scientists, the big elephants with big jaws and small teeth are called Tetrabelodon and others Deinotherrium, which lived about 13 to 135 million YBP. The elephants with big ears and lengthy and bent tusks lived about 63 to 135 million YBP during cretaceous period. The elephants with dense hair, bent tusks lived about a million YBP during Pleistocene period. These type of animals have been depicted on the horns of deer known as Arknecian.

One / two / three / four-tusk Elephants: Scientifically, the existence of one / two / three / four tusk elephants have been proven based on the fossil evidences. They are discussed as follows with diagrams. They are represented as Trilophodon, mammithera. Scientists accept that the small, tapirlike Moeritherium, the earliest member of the proboscidean line, gave rise to a large and widespread population of which the African and Indian elephants of today are the only living representatives.

This is the one-tusker elephant found around camp in Ruaha, <st1:country-region>Kenya.

Four-tusked Trilophodon lived from the Miocene epoch (26 million years ago) to the Pleistocene epoch (2 million years ago) in Eurasia, Africa, and North America. Also seen in the Miocene epoch were the downward-curving tusks of Deinotherium. Platybelodon,with its lowered, flattened, shovel-shaped tusks probably used for scooping vegetation from the water, occupied Asia and North America in the late Miocene epoch and the Pliocene epoch (7 million years ago). The largest proboscidean, the Imperial Mammoth,Mammithera imperater, was well adapted to the cold inEurasia, Africa, and North America during the Pleistocene epoch. Its teeth were much like those of the modern elephant.

Evolution of Elephant is Implied? By mentioning three-four tusk elephants together and separately, was Valmiki implying the evolution of an elephant? About elephants scientists point out that most elephants found on <st1:country-region>Sri Lanka, male or female, have no tusks, though, Tusks continued to grow throughout the elephant’s life, in other cases. How, then, Valmiki could locate elephant with tusks, that three-four in Lanka. Does it mean that the Lanka, he describes is different from the present <st1:country-region>Sri Lanka / <st1:country-region>Ceylon?

Among the Asian and African elephants, there are two species. The Asian elephant, Elephas maximus, found in <st1:country-region>India and SE Asia, and the African elephant, Loxodonta africana, found in Africa south of theSahara. African bull elephants may reach a shoulder height of 13 ft (4 m) and weigh 6 to 8 tons (5400–7200 kg). Their tusks are more than 10 ft (3 m) long and weigh up to 200 pounds (90 kg) each. Females are somewhat smaller and have more slender tusks. African elephants have enormous ears, measuring up to 42 in. (107 cm) in diameter. The long, conspicuously wrinkled trunk terminates in two fleshy, fingerlike protuberances, used for handling objects. The Indian bull elephant reaches about 9 ft (2.7 m) in shoulder height and weighs about 3.5 tons (3200 kg); its tusks are up to 6 ft (180 cm) long. The female of this species has no tusks. The ears of the Indian elephant are much smaller than in the African species, and the trunk somewhat shorter and smoother, ending in a single protuberance.

These are the figures generally given by the scientists to depict how the elephants evolved and developed into other categories during millions of years and then attained the present form with two tusks.

So fascinated by the four-tusk elephants, <st1:country-region>Libya, in 1995 issued stamps, as shown on RHS depicting Stegotetrabelodon syrticus.

Photo courtesy from:

http://www.adias-uae.com/stegotetrabelodon.html#tetralophodon

Many more photos can be seen in the website.

Strange Neighing Horses and wondrous steeds: The details given by Valmiki about horses have been very intriguing as scientists have never perceived the presence of horses in the southern hemisphere. According to them, the very first horses evolved on the North American continent over 55 / 60 million years ago from small dog like animals. Over millions of years they roamed the grasslands slowly extending their range to most of the continents on earth. Then horses migrated across the Bering land bridge from North America into what is now Siberia. From there, they spread across Asia into Europeand south to the Middle East and Northern Africa. Horses vanished from both north and South America in a wave of extinction that occurred at the end of the Pleistocene epoch, about 15,000 years ago. Horses nearly became extinct in the rest of the world as well, by about 7000 years ago the worlds only horses were confined to a small area in the still open grasslands steppes of <st1:country-region>Ukraine and centralAsia. For further details, see the websites:

http://www.pbs.org/wildhorses/wh_origin/wh_origin.html

http://www.irishhorsesociety.com/horsedata/horsesorigin.htm

Scholars always argue that horse was not there in <st1:country-region>India before c.1000 BCE. Therefore, the horse in Lanka is anathema to the present day archaeologists and historians. Here, also Valmiki’s description is perplexing. Neighing horses and “Wondrous steeds” are mentioned in the critical edition also (pp.598-99), as has been recorded by H. D. Sankalia³. Does it mean that he saw them at the end of the Pleistocene epoch, about 15,000 years ago?

You can get more description from here

Ram setu is > 1 million year old Read more

Elephant of 4 tusk in Ram era.

4 tusk elephants